FDA to Make Foods Reveal Trans Fat Levels
WASHINGTON - Trans fat hasn’t gotten the attention its infamous cousin,saturated fat, earned through warnings and labels. That’s about to change: After10years of debate, the government is requiring food labels to reveal exactlevels of the artery clogger.Trans fat is the stuff that helps make such foods as doughnuts, french fries,crackers and fried chicken taste so good. But it’s at least as dangerous tothe heart as saturated fat â and many doctors consider it worse. And untilnow,consumers have had no way of knowing how much trans fat they eat.
Food and Drug Administration regulations unveiledWednesday will require nutrition labels to include a new line listing the amountoftrans fat in each food right under the amount of saturated fat.
Add the two lines together to learn the total of heart-risky fats in everyserving.
“Our choices about our diets are choices about our health, and those choicesshould be based on the best available scientific information,” said FDACommissioner Mark McClellan. “This label change means trans fat can no longerlurk,hidden, in our food choices.”
“It’s a good first step,” said Margo Wootan of the Center for Science in thePublic Interest, which petitioned FDA in 1993 to make the change. “People willbe able to compare different products and determine which ones are worse fortheir hearts.”
But Wootan cautioned that the comparisons won’t be easy: The labels won’ttell consumers how much each cookie or dollop of margarine counts against theirdaily allotment of total unhealthy fat. Nor will they bear a message FDAdebated this spring â that trans fat consumption should be as low as possible.
The FDA promised more research to find ways to educate consumers aboutheart-damaging fats so that they make better food choices.
The FDA has estimated that merely revealing trans fat content on labels wouldsave between 2,000 and 5,600 lives a year, as people either would choosehealthier foods or manufacturers would change their recipes to leave out thedamaging ingredient.
The government is giving companies until 2006 to phase in the change.
But some companies already have begun jockeying for position in theanti-trans fat market: Frito-Lay has announced it is eliminating trans fat fromitspopular Doritos, Tostitos and Cheetos, and became the first major manufacturertovoluntarily begin adding trans fat content to the labels of other brandsearlier this year. Wednesday, Unilever Bestfoods announced its line of “I Can’tBelieve It’s Not Butter” margarine spreads will be free of trans fat by nextyear.
“Clearly this is going to be a major change to food labels, and it’s going tohelp consumers who are seeking information about trans fat content of foodsto find it,” said Tim Willard of the National Food Processors Association.
Saturated fat is found primarily in meat and other products containing animalfat. People are advised to eat no more than 20 grams a day, about 10 percentof calories.
Some surveys suggest trans fat comprises up to another 10 percent. Both typescan increase the risk of heart disease, although some research suggests transfat may be the worst culprit.
Trans fat is in numerous products, from meats and dairy products to pastries.The most common source is partially hydrogenated vegetable oil, where liquidoil is turned into a solid to protect against spoiling and maintain long-termflavor.
Typically, the harder a margarine or cooking fat, the more trans fat itincludes. Soft, spreadable margarine in tubs, for instance, contains little ifanytrans fat, while stick margarine can contain a lot. In other foods, the onlyway consumers could tell which contained trans fat was to check the ingredientlist for the word “hydrogenated.”
The National Academy of Sciences which setsnutritionlevels, last year ruled that while eating some trans fat may be unavoidable,there is no safe level that it could set as an upper limit. So while productlabels today list what percent of total [tag]calories[/tag] a food offers in saturated fat,the new trans fat labels will won’t.
FDA had considered putting a footnote on labels recommending eating only alittle trans fat, but consumer testing found that had the unintended consequenceof scaring people back to foods high in saturated fat, said Stephanie Childsof the Grocery Manufacturers of America, which lobbied against the move.